Abstract 1171: Genotoxic preventive potential of ethanol leaves extract of Annona muricata on N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea pro-leukaemia carcinogen in mice by bone marrow micronucleus assay

Abstract

Abstract Background: Genotoxicity which is an important indicator of DNA damage, repair and cell rejuvenation has been a predisposing factor to cancer development evidenced by bone marrow suppression in leukemia and studies have proven the effect of several agents inclusive of natural products to induce, prevent and treat genotoxicity through experimental models and clinical trials. Aim:The genotoxic preventive potential of Annona muricata ethanol leaves extract on N-nitroso-N-ethylurea (NEU) pro-leukemia carcinogen in mice model using micronuclei formation in bone marrow was assessed. Materials and Methods: 48 mice weighing 18-24g were randomly divided into six groups of eight mice each comprising of the; mice intravenously administered 20mg/kg of NEU 48 hourly 3 times (A); 80mg/kg of NEU 48 hourly 3 times (B); negative control fed with feed and water only (C); 0.2ml (0.1g/ml) ethanolic leaves extract of Annona muricata for 3 weeks prior to administration of low dose of NEU (D); 0.2ml (0.1g/ml) ethanolic extract of Annona muricata for 3 weeks prior to administration of high dose of NEU (E); and Annona muricata (ethanolic leaves extract) and commercial diet for adverse/toxicity group (F). After six weeks of last exposure, animals were ethically sacrificed, bone marrow harvested, smeared, stained using MayGrumwald and number of micronucleus polychromatic erythrocyte (MNPCEs) were determined microscopically.Result: Groups exposed to various dosage of the NEU yielded significantly increased MNPCEs with group B producing higher MNPCEs than A. The groups treated with extract displayed a significant reduction in the MNPCEs despite the prior exposure concentrations of NEU. The adverse group displayed no difference in MNPCEs when compared with the negative control (Table 1). Conclusion: The extract displayed profound capacity to prevent genotoxicity thereby alleviating leukemia condition and it is well tolerated. Week Number Groups (Mean±Standard deviation of MNPCE) A B C D E F 2 14.13±0.56 50.45±2.31 4.52±0.34 6.15±0.49 17.11±1.11 4.53±0.45 3 15.01±0.18 53.77±1.95 4.61±0.67 7.85±0.98 20.34±2.34 4.62±0.23 4 16.11±0.22 56.95±2.01 4.91±0.88 8.01±1.01 25.11±1.67 5.63±0.45 5 19.64±1.68 68.23±1.56 4.82±0.75 10.07±0.67 30.54±2.34 5.92±0.67 Citation Format: Olufemi Emmanuel Akanni, Eunice Oluwaseyi Bamisaye, Sunday Anthony Fashina, Fatai Adesina Abdulraheem, Solomon Olufemi Fadiora. Genotoxic preventive potential of ethanol leaves extract of Annona muricata on N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea pro-leukaemia carcinogen in mice by bone marrow micronucleus assay [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1171.