Abrasion Damage of Textile Fibers

Abstract

The inherent abrasion behavior of 14 different textile materials in the form of yarns was investigated. Abrasion was expressed by the abrasion damage, which is the opposite of abra sion resistance. Abrasion damage was measured quantitatively by the fiber fineness (grex) destroyed in flexing around a steel bar under standardized conditions using the Stoll-Quarter master abrasion tester. The abrasion damages were evaluated relative to that of high-tenacity nylon multifilaments. Great differences exist in the abrasion behavior of various textile fibers. The damage of multifilaments increases from nylon to Dacron polyester fiber, viscose, Fortisan, Orlon acrylic fiber, Saran, silk, acetate, and casein, while that of staple yarns increases from nylon to Dacron polyester fiber, cotton, Fibravyl, Dynel, Kuralon, Thermovyl, wool, Orlon acrylic fiber, viscose, and acetate. Staple yarns were always more abraded than corresponding multifilaments. Although high elastic energy of fibers is the main factor preventing inherent abrasion damage, extensibility, yarn surface, and friction must also be taken into account in interpreting the abrasion behavior of various textile fibers.