About Engineering-Geonomic Research in the Zeravshan River Pool (Southern Tien Shan) in Connection with Climate Oscillations

Alikhon Akhmadovich Karimov,Narima Kazhenovna Ospanova

doi:10.4236/gep.2020.85024

Alikhon Akhmadovich Karimov, Narima Kazhenovna Ospanova

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2020.85024

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Abstract

Climatic anomalies not only attract the attention of specialists in climatology and meteorology, but also stimulate geological research, because climatic changes activate many geological processes: mudflow and landslide formation, erosion, weathering, etc. An increase in the activity of geological processes was clearly manifested in Tajikistan, 93% of which is occupied by mountain structures. As a result, this found expression in conducting new for that territory engineering-geonomic studies. Both the region as a whole and its individual parts can serve as models in the study of natural processes due to the diversity of landscape-climatic belts and zones. The report contains brief data on engineering-geonomic studies conducted in the Zeravshan river basin in connection with the intensification of mudflow processes.

Highlights

Scientists wrote that the Earth entered an era of unstable weather back in the 70s of the last century (Svatkov, 1979)
An increase in the activity of geological processes was clearly manifested in Tajikistan, 93% of which is occupied by mountain structures
The report contains brief data on engineering-geonomic studies conducted in the Zeravshan river basin in connection with the intensification of mudflow processes

Summary

Introduction

Scientists wrote that the Earth entered an era of unstable weather back in the 70s of the last century (Svatkov, 1979). An increase in temperature led to increase in the melting of glaciers, and caused an intensification of the processes of mudflow and landslide formation It is estimated, for example, that the increase in precipitation in the mountains by 10% can double the amount of sediment entering the river (Davlatov, 2017). Strong rugged terrain, branched hydrographic network, and steepness of slopes, slight development of soil cover on inclined and rocky surfaces, which leads to poor development of vegetation and, poor cementation of the soil, the presence of a large number of glaciers and lakes, many of which may be a threat in case of floods or earthquakes, as well as other factors create high danger of the formation of natural geo-risks of a very different types. All of the above is the reason that in the last decade, the engineering-geonomic studies direction new for this territory has been actively developed (Usupaev, Moldobaev, Usubaliev, Abdybachaev, Meleshko, & Abdrakhmanova, 2009; Valiev, 2015, 2018; Karimov, 2018; Karimov, Nabiev, & Nazarov, 2015; Karimov, Andamov, Aslamov, & Nazarov, 2019; Karimov & Valiev, 2019)

Methodological Foundations of Engineering-Geonomic Research

Brief Description of the Zeravshan River Basin

Some Characteristic Features of Mudflow Manifestations in the Highlands

Study Results