Abstract
Salvia corrugata Vahl. is an interesting source of abietane and abeo-abietane compounds that showed antibacterial, antitumor, and cytotoxic activities. The aim of the study was to obtain transformed roots of S. corrugata and to evaluate the production of terpenoids in comparison with in vivo root production. Hairy roots were initiated from leaf explants by infection with ATCC 15834 Agrobacterium rhizogenes onto hormone-free Murashige and Skoog (MS) solid medium. Transformation was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis of rolC and virC1 genes. The biomass production was obtained in hormone-free liquid MS medium using Temporary Immersion System bioreactor RITA®. The chromatographic separation of the methanolic extract of the untransformed roots afforded horminone, ferruginol, 7-O-acetylhorminone and 7-O-methylhorminone. Agastol and ferruginol were isolated and quantified from the hairy roots. The amount of these metabolites indicated that the hairy roots of S. corrugata can be considered a source of these compounds.
Highlights
Hairy root culture is at present considered a convenient and efficient organ-based tissue culture system to produce bioactive secondary metabolites in a shorter time than in vivo harvesting or other in vitro techniques [1]
After the infection of S. corrugata explants with A. rhizogenes strains ATCC 15834 and LBA 9402 (Figure 1), the putative roots were observed at the wounded sites of the explants after 10 to 14 days after inoculation (Figure S1, Supplementary Materials)
Mean values were considered significantly different at p < 0.05. This is the first study on the establishment of hairy root cultures of S. corrugata
Summary
Hairy root culture is at present considered a convenient and efficient organ-based tissue culture system to produce bioactive secondary metabolites in a shorter time than in vivo harvesting or other in vitro techniques [1]. With rearranged skeletal types, have been described for the aerial parts and the roots of many Salvia species [2], mainly European and Asian species [2,3], while their presence is commonly described as limited to the roots of the New World species [4,5]. These compounds are referred to be produced from hairy root cultures of some of these plants [4,6–8]. Hairy root cultures can represent a promising source of these bioactive molecules [7] and owing to the increasing interest in natural compounds active against coronaviruses, of terpenoids, in vitro culture technologies can represent efficient systems of production of secondary plant antiviral metabolites [29]
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