Abstract
Aberrations and the image quality of holographic lenses were evaluated by a Hartmann–Shack (HS) wavefront sensor. Two lenses, one recorded with a symmetrical configuration and the other with an asymmetrical one, were stored in a photopolymer called Biophotopol. Each was reconstructed with two different wavelengths, 473 nm and 633 nm. Different metrics were applied to determine and quantify the aberration of the lenses (Zernike coefficients, Seidel coefficients, Marechal tolerances, root-mean-square (RMS), peak to valley, critical fraction of the pupil), and the quality of the image they provided (Strehl ratio, entropy, cutoff frequency, modulation transfer function (MTF), and area under the MTF). Good agreement between the metrics related to optical quality was obtained. The negative asymmetric holographic lenses had less aberration than the positive symmetric ones.
Highlights
Holography is a method of producing three-dimensional images in two stages: recording and reconstruction
A solution composed of sodium acrylate (NaAO) as the polymerizable monomer (NaAO was generated in situ through a reaction of acrylic acid (HAO) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a 1:1 proportion), sodium salt 50 -riboflavin monophosphate (RF) as a sensitizer dye, triethanolamine (TEA) as the co-initiator, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as an inert binder polymer (Mw = 130,000 g/mol, hydrolysis grade = 87.7%)
Asymmetrical and symmetrical holographic lenses (HLs) were analyzed in terms of optical quality based on aberrations, image quality based on the impulse response, and image quality based on the Fourier domain by using a Hartmann– Shack (HS) wavefront sensor as an aberrometer
Summary
Holography is a method of producing three-dimensional images in two stages: recording and reconstruction. Reconstruction is based on the diffraction phenomenon [1]. Holography is a very interesting technique because it allows the information to be encoded in a recording material and has evolved considerably, thanks to the improvement of holographic materials such as photopolymers [2]. A HOE can transform an incident optical beam as a conventional lens with the advantages of obtaining high optical power in a thin substrate [5]. The ease with which the element can be coupled for any type of manipulation and by multiplexing two or more HOEs [6,7] can put together various functions in a single substrate according to its narrow-band frequency and high diffraction efficiency characteristics
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