Abstract
Characteristics of wind profiles observed with drifting snow in a cold wind tunnel are similar to those observed in the field. The aerodynamic roughness increases with wind velocity during drifting. Equations are developed to describe the relationship among various characteristics of the trajectories of saltating snow particles, as measured from photographs and cinefilm. The momentum flux by saltating particles is estimated from measurements of mass flux, and it is shown that the apparent change in surface roughness is caused by the particles in the lowest layers of saltation. The observed effect of surface hardness on the roughness change can be explained by the proposed equation for momentum flux.
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