Abstract
Traffic speed meters are important legal measuring instruments specially used for traffic speed enforcement and must be tested and verified in the field every year using a vehicular mobile standard speed-measuring instrument to ensure speed-measuring performances. The non-contact optical speed sensor and the GPS speed sensor are the two most common types of standard speed-measuring instruments. The non-contact optical speed sensor requires extremely high installation accuracy, and its speed-measuring error is nonlinear and uncorrectable. The speed-measuring accuracy of the GPS speed sensor is rapidly reduced if the amount of received satellites is insufficient enough, which often occurs in urban high-rise regions, tunnels, and mountainous regions. In this paper, a new standard speed-measuring instrument using a dual-antenna Doppler radar sensor is proposed based on a tradeoff between the installation accuracy requirement and the usage region limitation, which has no specified requirements for its mounting distance and no limitation on usage regions and can automatically compensate for the effect of an inclined installation angle on its speed-measuring accuracy. Theoretical model analysis, simulated speed measurement results, and field experimental results compared with a GPS speed sensor with high accuracy showed that the dual-antenna Doppler radar sensor is effective and reliable as a new standard speed-measuring instrument.
Highlights
Overspeed is a key factor in a high percentage of traffic accidents [1,2], and traffic speed surveillance is an important civilian application to improve road control, law enforcement, and the personal safety of drivers [3,4,5,6,7]
A in Figure 13a, was mounted on the roof outside the test vehicle with an unrestricted view of the sky, and 8–10 satellites were available during the field testing process, which ensured that the speed measurement result of the GPS speed sensor was accurate and reliable
The principle prototype of the Doppler radar sensor (DDRS), which is marked B in Figure 13, was mounted at the bottom of a bracket at the rear of the test vehicle, as shown in Figure 13b, and no attention to height, angle, or level adjustment was paid during its installation process to evaluate the automatic compensation of the DDRS for the effect of installation deviation on the speed-measuring accuracy
Summary
Overspeed is a key factor in a high percentage of traffic accidents [1,2], and traffic speed surveillance is an important civilian application to improve road control, law enforcement, and the personal safety of drivers [3,4,5,6,7]. Traffic speed meters are important legal measuring instruments specially used for traffic speed surveillance and enforcement in China and around the world [8,9,10]. There have been four kinds of traffic speed meters legally used in China, i.e., across-the-road (AcTR) radar [7,8], above-the-road (AbTR) radar [9], dual-beam lidar, and inductive loops [10], which together with cameras make up overspeed automatic monitoring systems to measure and record a great deal of information of overspeed vehicles for image forensics automatically. According to the provisions of Chinese metrology law, traffic speed meters must be annually verified to examine and test speed-measuring performances by provincial- or municipal-level metrology institutes to ensure that speed measurement results are more accurate and reliable
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