Abstract
Although expansions in γδ T cell populations are known to occur in the peripheral blood of patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum, the role of these cells in people with naturally acquired immunity against P. falciparum who live in malaria-endemic areas is poorly understood. We used a cross-sectional survey to investigate the role of peripheral blood γδ T cells in people living in Lao People’s Democratic Republic, a malaria-endemic area. We found that the proportion of non-Vγ9 γδ T cells was higher in non-hospitalized uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients (UMPs) from this region. Notably, we found that the non-Vγ9 γδ T cells in the peripheral blood of UMPs and negative controls from this region had the potential to expand and produce IL-10 and interferon-γ when cultured in the presence of IL-2 and/or crude P. falciparum antigens for 10 days. Furthermore, these cells were associated with plasma interleukin 10 (IL-10), which was elevated in UMPs. This is the first report demonstrating that, in UMPs living in a malaria-endemic area, a γδ T cell subset, the non-Vγ9 γδT cells, expands and produces IL-10. These results contribute to understanding of the mechanisms of naturally acquired immunity against P. falciparum.
Highlights
Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium and is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions of the world
We found that non-Vγ9 γδ T cells still produced interleukin 10 (IL-10), and higher levels of IL-10-producing cells were present in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients (UMPs) than in those from Japanese healthy controls (JHCs), many other IL-10-producing cells were present (Figures 3C,D)
We found that non-Vγ9 γδ T cells, one of the γδ T cell subsets, were elevated in the peripheral blood of UMPs from a malaria-endemic area, no increase in γδ T cells was observed
Summary
Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium and is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. There is still no effective vaccine for malaria (Langhorne et al, 2008; Riley and Stewart, 2013), posing a problem for those exposed to. The Role of γδ T Cells in Falciparum Malaria. Plasmodium falciparum, the species that causes the most severe form of the disease. An effective malaria vaccine must induce long-lasting protective immunity. Naturally acquired immunity, which occurs after repeated infections with a parasite, does develop in people living in malaria-endemic areas; this immunity is incomplete, it decreases clinical disease and lowers the density of parasitemia (Doolan et al, 2009). It is important to study individuals who have developed a naturally acquired immunity against malaria
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