Abstract
Crustal movement is one of the main factors influencing the change of the Earth system, especially in its vertical direction, which affects people’s daily life through the frequent occurrence of earthquakes, geological disasters, and so on. In order to get a better study and application of the vertical crustal movement, as well as its changes, the foundation and prerequisite areto devise and establish its reference frame; especially, a unified global reference frame is required. Since SLR (satellite laser ranging) is one of the most accurate space techniques for monitoring geocentric motion and can directly measure the ground station’s geocentric coordinates and velocities relative to the centre of the Earth’s mass, we proposed to take the vertical velocity of the SLR technique in the ITRF2008 framework as the reference frame of vertical crustal motion, which we defined as the SLR vertical reference frame (SVRF). The systematic bias between other velocity fields and the SVRF was resolved by using the GPS (Global Positioning System) and VLBI (very long baseline interferometry) velocity observations, and the unity of other velocity fields and SVRF was realized, as well. The results show that it is feasible and suitable to take the SVRF as a reference frame, which has both geophysical meanings and geodetic observations, so we recommend taking the SLR vertical velocity under ITRF2008 as the global reference frame of vertical crustal movement.
Highlights
Along with the high frequency occurrence of earthquakes and geological disasters, it is necessary to study crustal movements, especially in the vertical direction
The results show that it is feasible and suitable to take the SLR vertical reference frame (SVRF) as a reference frame, which has both geophysical meanings and geodetic observations, so we recommend taking the SLR vertical velocity under ITRF2008 as the global reference frame of vertical crustal movement
Vertical crustal movement is part of the change of the whole Earth system, so in this paper, we focus on the topic of the reference frame of vertical crustal movements, and we prefer to discuss it in ageometrical way and include geophysical information based on the SLR technique itself
Summary
Along with the high frequency occurrence of earthquakes and geological disasters, it is necessary to study crustal movements, especially in the vertical direction. For the same station’s vertical component, different space geodetic data analysis centres around the world publish different forms For these reasons, the vertical data of various countries and regions in the world havebeen difficult to unify for a long time in the past, and such a situation will result in misunderstanding and confusion regarding application in the field of geodesy, and restrict the observations used in various seismic, geological and geophysical fields and may even be misleading. Velocity fields of global stations presented by different data analysis centres are almost constrained by the velocity vector based on the absolute plate motion model NNR-NUVEL1A (No net rotation-NUVEL1A) and established with one or more reference stations, while NNR-NUVEL1A can only give the station’s horizontal direction velocity [30,31], which indicates that its implicit constraint is that the vertical velocity of the reference station may be constrained aszero; for example, Watkins and. This paper contributes by proposing a method of establishing the global reference frame of vertical crustal movements by using the SLR technique, which has a clear geophysical significance, is easy to implement and is suitable as a unified global reference frame of vertical crustal movements
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