A Type of MOF-Derived Porous Carbon with Low Cost as an Efficient Catalyst for Phenol Hydroxylation

Renjie Zhou,Hairui Ni,Bailin Xiang,Nonglin Zhou,Gui Chen,Yuejun Ouyang,Jianqiang Liu

doi:10.1155/2021/7978324

Abstract

Using MOF-5 as a template, the porous carbon (MDPC-600) possessing high specific surface area was obtained after carbonization and acid washing. After MDPC-600 was loaded with Cu ions, the catalyst Cu/MDPC-600 was acquired by heat treatment under nitrogen atmosphere. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), N2 physical adsorption (BET), field emission electron microscope (SEM), energy spectrum, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the Cu/MDPC-600 catalyst prepared by using MOF-5 as the template has a very high specific surface area, and Cu is uniformly supported on the carrier. The catalytic hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction of phenol hydroxylation was investigated and exhibits better catalytic activity and stability in the phenol hydroxylation reaction. The catalytic effect was best when the reaction temperature was 80°C, the reaction time was 2 h, and the amount of catalyst was 0.05 g. The conversion rate of phenol was 47.6%; the yield and selectivity of catechol were 37.8% and 79.4%, respectively. The activity of the catalyst changes little after three cycles of use.

Highlights

Dihydroxybenzene is an important organic intermediate with high value
Porous carbon materials are often used as catalyst supports for heterogeneous catalysis because the surface of carbon materials has acidic, basic, or neutral oxygen-containing groups. ese groups interact with catalytic active sites and act as synergistic catalysis [8,9,10]. erefore, the catalytic activity of the catalyst can be greatly improved if the specific surface area and porosity of the porous carbon material can be increased
The porous carbon derived from MOFs was used to load copper ions and subjected to high-temperature heat treatment. e catalyst is a new type of copper-containing porous carbon catalyst that has hardly been reported by previous researchers. e catalyst catalyzes the phenol hydroxylation reaction by hydrogen peroxide, which has good catalytic activity and stability

Summary

Introduction

Dihydroxybenzene (catechol and hydroquinone) is an important organic intermediate with high value. Erefore, the catalytic activity of the catalyst can be greatly improved if the specific surface area and porosity of the porous carbon material can be increased. E porous carbon obtained by carbonization of MOFs materials has a huge specific surface area due to the pore size, morphology, and volume of MOFs and can be determined by the selected metal ions and organic ligands. Li et al [29] obtained the N-doped porous carbon (Cz-MOF-253) through rapid pyrolysis of the metal-organic framework material MOF-253, which exhibits excellent catalytic activity in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction. Many copper-based catalysts show good catalytic activity for phenol hydroxylation. E catalyst catalyzes the phenol hydroxylation reaction by hydrogen peroxide, which has good catalytic activity and stability The porous carbon derived from MOFs was used to load copper ions and subjected to high-temperature heat treatment. e catalyst is a new type of copper-containing porous carbon catalyst that has hardly been reported by previous researchers. e catalyst catalyzes the phenol hydroxylation reaction by hydrogen peroxide, which has good catalytic activity and stability

Experimental Section

Catalyst Structure Characterization

Conclusions