A triterpene ketone from an anti-mycobacterial tuberculosis chromatography eluate from the n-hexane fraction of the fruits of Harungana madagascariensis Lam. Ex Poiret (Hypericaceae)

Timan Taryuta Eliya Timan Taryuta Eliya,Augustina Uche Osuji Augustina Uche Osuji,John Samson Bimba John Samson Bimba,Ozadheoghene Eriarie Afieroho Ozadheoghene Eriarie Afieroho,Onyinye Blessing Okonkwo Onyinye Blessing Okonkwo,Kio Anthony Abo Kio Anthony Abo

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2022.18.2.0064

Timan Taryuta Eliya Timan Taryuta Eliya, Augustina Uche Osuji Augustina Uche Osuji + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2022.18.2.0064

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Abstract

Clinical cases of drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) are a global threat because of the cost and extended duration of treatment regimen. This underscores the continuous drive to discover new therapeutic agents that are faster, simpler and affordable often by recourse to natural products. This report highlights the potentials of the Nigerian medicinal plant Harungana madagascariensis Lam. Ex Poiret (Hypericaceae) as a source of lead agents for the discovery and development of anti-tuberculosis drugs. The fruit of H. madagascariensis was extracted with 70% aqueous ethanol by cold maceration. The crude 70 % aqueous ethanol extract was partitioned with n-hexane to give n-hexane (NHF) soluble portions. The NHF was fractionated further on a column packed with normal phase silica gel (200-400 Mesh size) to afford the chromatography fractions used in this study. The structure of isolated compound was elucidated using spectroscopic (NMR, IR, and MS) techniques. Anti-Mycobacteria tuberculosis susceptibility screening of the chromatography fractions was done using Lowenstein Jensen method with rifampicin, ethambutol, isoniazid and dihydrostreptomycin as reference anti-TB drugs for comparison. Four fractions NHF1-4 were obtained from the NHF. The chromatography fractions: NHF2 and NHF3 inhibited the growth of the Mycobacteria tuberculosis. From the NHF2 was isolated the known bioactive triterpene ketone friedelan-3-one. This preliminary screening underscores the potentials of this ethno medicinal plant as a source of lead compounds for the development of anti-TB drugs.

Highlights

Tuberculosis (TB), a chronic and deadly infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one third of the world population and kills about 15 million people yearly
The chromatography fractions: NHF2 and NHF3 inhibited the growth of the Mycobacteria tuberculosis
Sample collection and extraction The matured fruits of H. madagascariensis were collected from the Medicinal plant Garden of the Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria and identified by Taxonomist with voucher specimen deposited at the herbarium of the same department

Summary

Introduction

Tuberculosis (TB), a chronic and deadly infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one third of the world population and kills about 15 million people yearly. The global World Health Organization (WHO) reports showed that an estimated 10 million people developed TB with 1.4 million deaths recorded in 2019. The two most commonly used drugs (isoniazid and rifampicin) in the current four drug (or first line) regimen, while a TB strain is called Extensively Drug Resistance -TB (XDR-TB) when it becomes resistant to the four first line drugs. This is a huge global threat because of the cost of the medicine and number of years involved for the drug to work. New treatments that are faster, simpler and affordable are urgently needed

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