A tri-band left-handed meta-atom enabled designed with high effective medium ratio for microwave based applications

Abstract

This paper represents a tri-band left-handed meta-atom with high effective medium ratio, which is applicable for tri-band microwave based communication applications. The proposed meta-atom consists of modified complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) with two pi shaped metal strip loaded in the inner side. It shows the behavior of negative permeability and permittivity at 2.85 GHz, 4.83 GHz, 8.39 GHz, and 11.42 GHz resonance frequencies and extracted the double negative (DNG) metamaterial properties. The designed meta-atom dimension is 0.076λ×0.076λ at lower resonance frequency. To develop and analyze the offered meta-atom, the electromagnetic (EM) simulator CST Microwave Studio and MATLAB software were used. The equivalent circuit with RLC components of the proposed metamaterial unit cell is also investigated through ADS simulator and comparing S parameter (transmission coefficients) results with CST results. Analysis and comparison have been carried out with different configurations, such as various design structures, distinct substrate, changing the gap of the splits, and various array measures. All the array configurations proved that the frequency of operation is in the S-, C-, and X-bands. The designed meta-atom has double negative regions of 2.89–2.96 GHz, 4.84–4.99 GHz, 8.42–8.49 GHz, and 11.43–12.32 GHz, with the regions of effective negative refractive index 2.85–3.09 GHz, 4.83–5.36 GHz, 8.40–8.57 GHz, and 11.40–12.55 GHz, respectively. The effective medium ratio is 13.16; this implies that the proposed miniaturized meta-atom design is efficient and compact. The scattering parameter dimension of the meta-atom promising for the microwave based applications at S-, C-, and X-bands.