Abstract
Despite the recent advances in protein-based adhesives, achieving strong adhesion and mold resistance in wet environment is challenging. Herein, a facile fabrication technology of preparing tough bio-adhesive by incorporating soybean meal and blood meal is presented. Inspired by the marine mussel byssi and brown algae, metal coordination was introduced into a loosely bound protein system to construct multiple chemical cross-linking networks. Mixed alkali-modified blood meal (mBM) was mixed with soybean meal, then 1,6-hexane dioldiglycidyl ether (HDE) and zinc ion were introduced to fabricate soybean meal and blood meal-based adhesives. The attained adhesives exhibited good thermal stability, water resistance (the wet shear strength is 1.1 MPa), and mold resistance, with appropriate solid content (34.3%) and relatively low moisture uptake (11.9%). These outstanding performances would be attributed to the reaction of 1,6-hexane dioldiglycidyl ether with protein to form a preliminary cross-linking network; subsequently, the coordination of zinc ions with amino or carboxyl strengthened and toughened the adhesive. Finally, the calcium ions gelled the adhesives, providing cohesion force and making the network structure more compact. This study realized the value-added utilization of protein co-products and developed a new eco-friendly bio-based adhesive.
Highlights
The renewable and degradable bio-based materials generated from agricultural industry have received increasing attention because of the depleting petroleum resources and the requirement of environmental protection
It is believed that the protein-based adhesive with toughness, good water resistance, and mold resistance could be obtained by combining soluble soybean meal and insoluble blood meal, and introducing metal complexation and chemical cross-linking
To integrate the multiple functionalities into the adhesive, including high bonding strength, water resistance and anti-mycotic capability, a facile but delicate strategy was designed as illustrated in Scheme 1
Summary
Yue Bai 1,2,3 , Xiaorong Liu 1,2,3 , Sheldon Q. Shi 2,4 and Jianzhang Li 1,2,3, *. College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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