A ToF-SIMS study of the lateral organization of lipids and proteins in pulmonary surfactant systems

Abstract

Pulmonary surfactant is a complex lipid–protein mixture whose main function is to reduce the surface tension at the air–liquid interface of alveoli to minimize the work of breathing. The exact mechanism by which surfactant monolayers and multilayers are formed and how they lower surface tension to very low values during lateral compression remains uncertain. We used time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry to study the lateral organization of lipids and peptide in surfactant preparations ranging in complexity. We show that we can successfully determine the location of phospholipids, cholesterol and a peptide in surfactant Langmuir–Blodgett films and we can determine the effect of cholesterol and peptide addition. A thorough understanding of the lateral organization of PS interfacial films will aid in our understanding of the role of each component as well as different lipid–lipid and lipid–protein interactions. This may further our understanding of pulmonary surfactant function.