Abstract
Three-dimensional digital atlases are rapidly becoming indispensible in modern biology. We used serial sectioning combined with manual registration and segmentation of images to develop a comprehensive and detailed three-dimensional atlas of the honeybee head-neck system. This interactive atlas includes skeletal structures of the head and prothorax, the neck musculature, and the nervous system. The scope and resolution of the model exceeds atlases previously developed on similar sized animals, and the interactive nature of the model provides a far more accessible means of interpreting and comprehending insect anatomy and neuroanatomy.
Highlights
The fields of anatomy and histology have relied on dissection and description, drawings, and sectioning of specimens
In the present study we address this issue by providing a 3D digital atlas of the honeybee neck
We developed a comprehensive 3D digital atlas of the head-neck system of the honeybee
Summary
The fields of anatomy and histology have relied on dissection and description, drawings, and sectioning of specimens These approaches are limited by an inability to describe a structure in three dimensions. Microscopes and imaging techniques are sufficiently advanced to allow large scale collection and analysis of 3D data [1,2,3,4,5,6]. These approaches have led to the generation of digital 3D atlases of various structures, e.g. rat [7], human [8], and insect brains [4,9]. Digital models can be disseminated to interested parties, and steadily enhanced over a period of time
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