Abstract

It is now well established that, for reliable operation over a long period, a radial-face mechanical seal must operate with its faces separated by a film of fluid. A comprehensive theory, based on the principles of hydrodynamic lubrication, of sealing under these conditions is presented. A number of observations pertinent to the design of mechanical seals arising from the theory are given, and it is concluded that the hydrodynamic theory can be applied to the design of mechanical seals for considerably more severe duties than those for which they are used at present.

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