Abstract
A new empirical relation was obtained by modifying an empirical relation deduced by Chaubey (1977) based on Bohr’s classical mechanics by using least squared fitting method for stopping powers from 0.20MeV to 2.90MeV protons in Aluminium (Al), Germanium (Ge), Lead (Pb), Gold (Au) and Copper (Cu) solid target materials and the results compared with some available experimental values and earlier investigations as well as PSTAR and SRIM (2013) results. The proton range relation was obtained by directly integrating the stopping power formula and the values of the ranges for the elements are calculated and compared with PSTAR and Janni (1982) values. The calculated stopping powers and range values were in excellent agreement with the experimental values of Bichsel since the percentage uncertainty was within 10% and the theoretical values of Janni (1982) and, the PSTAR and SRIM-2013 codes generated values had the percentage difference approximately within 10%. The cross section was also calculated and the results discussed. The practical applications of the stopping power, range and cross section values of the selected materials are discussed.
Highlights
Interest in experimental and theoretical studies of stopping power and range of particles in different materials have increased tremendously in recent years.When charged particles interact with matter, as a result of continuous collision, the charged particles lost energy
The average of these energy loss per unit path length is known as stopping power, which plays an important role in many fields such as structure analysis of solid target by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS), Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE), Proton Induced
Using the new empirical relations given in the equations above, we have computed the stopping powers and ranges from 0.20MeV to 2.90MeV for Aluminium (Al), Copper (Cu), Germanium (Ge), Lead (Pb) and Gold (Au)
Summary
Interest in experimental and theoretical studies of stopping power and range of particles in different materials have increased tremendously in recent years. The maximum energy that can be transferred from a charged particle of mass, m with kinetic energy, E to an electron of mass, me in a single collision is given by the expression; 4Em e Because, this is a small fraction of the total energy, the primary particle must lose its energy in many such interactions during its passage through matter. Stopping power of any particle is the mean average energy loss by the particle per unit path length and this is designated by the expression; dE −. It is measured for example in MeV/cm. The mean ionization potential is often adjusted empirically
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