Abstract
Cognitive radio automatically detects the available channel in the wireless communication and has an adaptive radio technology network. It also changes the transmission parameters to run concurrently for more smooth communication. CR network allows the user to utilize the band in an opportunistic manner because it has different characteristics like capabilities and re-configurability. In this article, it shown the methodology, on how the primary user and the secondary user should communicate to provide error free communication. And also the framework on how to overcome the unique challenges occurred in the spectrum management like interference avoidance, QoS awareness and seamless communication. We also discussed about spectrum mobility, spectrum sharing, spectrum decision, and also spectrum sensing which are the characteristics of spectrum management
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