Abstract
Spectre attacks is an important category of side channel methods, which allows attacker to obtainsensitive data by observing the system. Spectre attacks exploit modern processors’ features designedfor the performance: out-of-order execution and speculative execution. Also, in Spectre attacks,cache side-channel attack methods play an important role. The high-level goal of Spectre attacksis to load target data into the cache through the speculative execution. Once it has been done, thenext step is leaking information. To the end, the cache side-channel methods are employed to leakinformation, because there is no direct way to read data from the cache. In this paper, we discussvariations of Spectre attacks and discuss defense mechanisms for each of them.
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