A Systematic Review of the Clinical Efficacy of Treatments in Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma.

Abstract

IntroductionNovel treatment options are needed to improve outcomes in transplant-ineligible relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This systematic literature review evaluated clinical evidence on treatments for patients with R/R DLBCL ineligible for, or relapsed following, stem cell transplantation.MethodsWe assessed the feasibility of conducting an indirect treatment comparison (ITC) or network meta-analysis (NMA) to evaluate the relative efficacy and safety of polatuzumab vedotin in combination with bendamustine + rituximab versus other relevant treatments.ResultsThirty-seven studies were identified, of which 20 were eligible [seven randomized, controlled trials (RCTs); 13 observational/single-arm trials]. Due to a lack of RCTs, an ITC/NMA summary of the relative efficacy and safety of the treatment options was not possible. Only two of the seven RCTs had positive outcomes.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the paucity of published RCTs to establish the comparative efficacy of treatments for transplant-ineligible R/R DLBCL and lack of standard of care in this setting.Electronic Supplementary MaterialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s12325-020-01507-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.