Abstract
Abstract. A 19-year (1998–2016) continuous dataset is presented of coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi distributions and activity, i.e. the release of CaCO3 in water and the decrease of uptake of dissolved CO2 by Emiliania huxleyi cells (e.g. Kondrik et al., 2018a), in Arctic and sub-Arctic seas. The dataset is based on optical remote-sensing data (mostly OC CCI data) with assimilation of different relevant in situ observations, preprocessed with authorial algorithms. Alongside bloom locations, we provide both detailed information on E. huxleyi impacts on carbon balance and the sub-datasets of quantified coccolith concentrations, particulate inorganic carbon content and CO2 partial pressure in water driven by coccolithophores. All data are presented on a regular 4×4 km grid at a temporal resolution of 8 days. The paper describes the theoretical and methodological basis for all processing and modelling steps. The data are available on Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1402033.
Highlights
Among the topics related to ongoing climate change, there are alterations in both biodiversity in marine environments and the carbon balance in the atmosphere–ocean system (Rost et al, 2008)
We look at the algal species named Emiliania huxleyi – a unicellular planktonic organism that is the most widespread coccolithophore in the world’s oceans
Being a spatially huge phenomenon invariably occurring in both hemispheres, and steadily propagating in the poleward direction (Winter et al, 2014) due to CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere and ensuing climate warming (Johannessen, 2008), Emiliania huxleyi blooms are believed to be highly relevant to understanding the comprehensive nature of the changes unfolding on our planet
Summary
Among the topics related to ongoing climate change, there are alterations in both biodiversity in marine environments and the carbon balance in the atmosphere–ocean system (Rost et al, 2008). By employing specially developed coccolithophore bloom area masks that were developed from remote-sensing reflectance spectra, these data are monthly worldwide and available at a spatial resolution of 0.1◦ (∼ 10 km) These data do not encompass any additional parameters such as particulate inorganic carbon or CO2 partial pressure in surface water within the bloom, they can be valuable due to an exceptionally long observation period. Based on the employed space-borne ocean colour information, the obtained datasets are processed into a nearly two decadal (1998–2016) time series for each of the target seas and marine areas They encapsulate information about PIC and pCO2 values in surface water within the bloom area together with intraannual and interannual variations in the location and intensity of Emiliania huxleyi blooms over a variety of seas and across a nearly 20-year time period. Further utilisation of the results of such analyses in regional and global climatic models promises to predict future directions of development of the phenomenon in question (Rost et al, 2008)
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