Abstract

A circular economy (CE) is a promising solution to the looming sustainability crisis. Previous research has shown that a systemic transition from a linear economy to a CE requires stakeholder collaboration across all levels of society. Yet, little is known about stakeholder interests in a CE. The purpose of this study is to examine stakeholder interests regarding a sustainable CE in Finland. The data of 26 expert interviews is analyzed with qualitative content analysis. The study contributes to previous CE research by adding a stakeholder perspective in the examination of a sustainable CE. Stakeholder interests are explicated in terms of value-based motivations, expectations and stakes. We conclude that the consideration of stakeholder interests is relevant for understanding stakeholder collaboration in the CE context. The study shows that the economic, ecological and local social perspectives are emphasized in a sustainable CE. More attention to global social sustainability issues is needed. Research questions: The purpose of our study is to examine stakeholder interests with regard to the sustainable circular economy in Finland. Link to theory: The theoretical framework of the study builds on stakeholder theory, and uses the issue-focused stakeholder approach. We explore stakeholder interests as value-based motivations, expectations and stakes. Thereby, we advance the theoretical and empirical understanding of stakeholder interests and stakeholder collaboration in the context of CE. Phenomenon studied: Stakeholders have a prominent role in promoting the transition to the sustainable CE. This study focuses on a core issue in stakeholder theory: stakeholder interests. In doing so, the study creates knowledge on the nuanced interests and collaboration towards the sustainable CE. Case context: The context of our study is Finland, the northernmost member state of the European Union. Finland provides with an interesting research context as the target of the Finnish government is to make Finland a global leader in the circular economy by 2025. Findings: The findings indicate that the key stakeholders share a joint interest in promoting a sustainable CE. Stakeholders are active in shaping actions towards a sustainable CE, too. Stakeholders emphasize the economic and ecological interests, while social interests - especially wider global social sustainability perspective - remains less important especially among companies and partly industrial organizations. Discussions: Building on stakeholder theory, the study provides a nuanced understanding of how stakeholder interests can be defined and examined as value-based motivations, expectations and stakes. The study demonstrates that stakeholders simultaneously pursue their own CE interests as well as shared interests to promote the sustainable CE in Finland. Moreover, the study suggests that stakeholder interests can be used to create understanding of the dimensions of sustainable development that constitute the sustainable CE. More specifically, the study shows that economic, ecological and local social perspectives related to the sustainable CE are predominantly emphasized. Analyzing stakeholder interests is important since they create a foundation for stakeholder engagement, stakeholder relationships and value creation.

Highlights

  • A circular economy (CE) is considered an approach to tackling grand socio-economic and environmental challenges, such as climate change, resource depletion and overconsumption (Geissdoerfer et al, 2017; Lieder & Rashid, 2016)

  • The study shows that economic, ecological and local social perspectives related to the sustainable CE are predominantly emphasized

  • Analyzing stakeholder interests is important since they create a foundation for stakeholder engagement, stakeholder relationships and value creation

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Summary

Introduction

A circular economy (CE) is considered an approach to tackling grand socio-economic and environmental challenges, such as climate change, resource depletion and overconsumption (Geissdoerfer et al, 2017; Lieder & Rashid, 2016). The CE model questions the current dominant linear economic model, which is based on continuous growth and increasing use of natural resources (Geissdoerfer et al, 2017). The CE has been researched from numerous perspectives, explicating, for example, its origin, conceptualizations, business models, supply chains and implementations on various levels worldwide (e.g., Ghisellini et al, 2016). The stakeholder perspective, which acknowledges the societal aspect and the social dimension of the CE to complement the technical and environmental focus in the previous literature, has been discussed as well. The stakeholder perspective has regularly been acknowledged in the CE literature, little is known about the nature of nuanced and multiple stakeholder interests in the CE

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