Abstract

目的评估中国慢性髓性白血病(CML)患者接受酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)治疗的现状,并分析相关影响因素。方法2014年5月至11月,在全国范围内向正在接受TKI治疗的成年CML患者发放并收集无记名调查问卷。结果共收集1 038份问卷,949份可供评估。949例受访者中,男549例(58%),中位年龄41(18~88)岁,623例(66%)为城镇户籍,449例(47%)具有大学及以上学历。888例(94%)的受访者初诊时处于慢性期,其中690例(78%)在诊断1年内开始用TKI治疗。794例(84%)服用伊马替尼,768例(81%)服用原研药。TKI中位治疗时间为3(<1~13)年,可评估TKI治疗反应的受访者中,85%(708/834)获得完全细胞遗传学反应(CCyR),46%(397/859)获得完全分子学反应(CMR)。多因素分析显示,女性(OR=1.8, 95% CI 1.1~2.8,P=0.019和OR=1.5, 95% CI 1.1~2.0,P=0.015)、TKI治疗时间>3年(OR=4.1,95% CI 2.6~6.5,P<0.001和OR=3.7, 95% CI 2.7~5.1,P<0.001)和服用伊马替尼(OR=2.1, 95% CI 1.2~3.7,P=0.007和OR=3.3, 95% CI 2.1~5.1,P<0.001)是有利于获得CCyR和CMR的共同独立因素。此外,大学及以上学历(OR=2.0, 95% CI 1.3~3.1,P=0.003)、确诊1年内开始TKI治疗(OR=2.4, 95% CI 1.5~3.8,P<0.001)和服用原研药(OR=2.4, 95% CI 1.4~4.0,P=0.001)是有利于获得CCyR的独立因素。787例(83%)受访者付费服用TKI,每年TKI中位自付金额为7.20(0.24~37.00)万元。884例报告了TKI治疗中的最大障碍的受访者中,534例(62%)报告“经济负担”,仅152例(17%)报告“不良反应影响生活质量”。结论在当今中国,绝大多数CML患者服用伊马替尼,TKI治疗结果满意,但经济负担重是TKI治疗中的主要障碍。

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