Abstract
With the increasing growth of different types of data, search engines have become an essential tool on the Internet. Every day, billions of queries are run through few search engines with several privacy violations and monopoly problems. The blockchain, as a trending technology applied in various fields, including banking, IoT, education, etc., can be a beneficial alternative. Blockchain-based search engines, unlike monopolistic ones, do not have centralized controls. With a blockchain-based search system, no company can lay claims to user’s data or access search history and other related information. All these data will be encrypted and stored on a blockchain. Valuing users’ searches and paying them in return is another advantage of a blockchain-based search engine. Additionally, in smart environments, as a trending research field, blockchain-based search engines can provide context-aware and privacy-preserved search results. According to our research, few efforts have been made to develop blockchain use, which include studies generally in the early stages and few white papers. To the best of our knowledge, no research article has been published in this regard thus far. In this paper, a survey on blockchain-based search engines is provided. Additionally, we state that the blockchain is an essential paradigm for the search ecosystem by describing the advantages.
Highlights
Every day, billions of queries are run through search systems that a few companies own
This paper focuses on bitcoin’s enabling technology, the Bitcoin Backbone Protocol (BBP), and proposes a clear method for ensuring that a BBP-based database meets both read–write and eventual compatibility requirements
This review demonstrates the vast capabilities of blockchain technology that can be used in any field to solve similar problems
Summary
Billions of queries are run through search systems that a few companies own. The monopolized market includes ranking and advertising, and the users’ concerns, include privacy and security In this regard, few efforts have been made to provide blockchain-based search engines, which are Nebulas [13], Bit Clave [14], Presearch [15], and DeSearch [16]. Few efforts have been made to provide blockchain-based search engines, which are Nebulas [13], Bit Clave [14], Presearch [15], and DeSearch [16] These systems are generally in early stages, and their structures have been reported only as a few white papers. The main contributions of this paper include the following: The search engine paradigms are described, and the problems of centralized as a dominated paradigm are provided; It provides a review of blockchain applications to show the popularity of this technology;.
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