Abstract
In this paper, a super wide band (SWB) Vivaldi antenna has been proposed for lower 5G bands in Sub-6 GHz and satellite applications (S, C, X, Ku, and K band) using various performance improvement techniques. In the presented Vivaldi antenna, different slots are applied not only to increase the gain and directivity but also to get operating frequency at the intended specific frequency range. All dimensions of those slots were chosen by using the sweep parameter method. Ten corrugated side slots, two circular slots, and one via have been used to enhance the performance especially bandwidth and gain of the antenna. At the edge of wireless communication, we want to enhance two key aspects within the communication systems: the quality of service and the cost. The proposed antenna incorporates a simple structure and small size with dimensions of 45 × 35 × 0.79 mm3. Thus, after design, optimization, and simulation, the antenna produces a good reflection coefficient over the very large operating bandwidth of 23.19 GHz, 1 < VSWR < 2, maximum gain of 10.2 dBi, and average radiation efficiency of above 90%, which can be recommended as a suitable antenna for lower 5G as well as satellite applications. The antenna is designed, simulated, and analyzed by using computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST-MWS). Finally, the performance of the Vivaldi antenna has been validated by FEKO and HFSS software, and we achieved a very good matching among the results.
Highlights
Since the first Vivaldi antenna was proposed in 1979 by Gibson [1], it is widely used in ultrawideband applications such as wireless communication, biomedical detection, Radar, Satellite communication system, and so on [2]
A Vivaldi antenna is a planar broadband antenna that is made of a dielectric substrate metalized on both sides. e fedline encircles the microstrip line, terminated with a sectorshaped area that encircles the circular space. e radiating energy at the resonant points reaches over exponential patterns through the symmetrical slot lines [3]. e Vivaldi antennas are categorized into three types: tapered slot Vivaldi antenna (TSVA), antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA), and balanced antipodal Vivaldi antenna (BAVA)
In [7], an ultrawideband patch antenna with a U-shaped slot on the radiating patch is introduced for triband satellite applications. e operating frequency ranges of the proposed structure are 4.9 GHz–7 GHz, 7.92 GHz–11.08 GHz, and 11.85 GHz–15.94 GHz, and gain is varied from 2.3 to 4.5 dBi
Summary
Since the first Vivaldi antenna was proposed in 1979 by Gibson [1], it is widely used in ultrawideband applications such as wireless communication, biomedical detection, Radar, Satellite communication system, and so on [2]. In [15], an ultrawideband novel Vivaldi antenna for mobile communication application with pattern diversity has been proposed and fabricated It covers 0.7–2.7 GHz. e huge bandwidth and high gain have been achieved by the designed antenna [16]. In [18], the folding technique is applied on the tapered slot antenna, which shows the peak gain of 15 dBi with a balance radiation pattern to the whole operating range In another technique, a number of metamaterial structures have been presented to improve the directional property of conventional antenna by reducing side lobe [19]. A shorting pin named via has been used which makes direct connection between the feed line and metal flare. is via promotes the antennas bandwidth from ultrawideband to super wideband
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