Abstract
Cohesive sediments can be found in many coastal zones all over the world. The upper layer of these muddy coasts may be fluidized under the wave action. Fluid mud is also formed by settlement of fine particles when the waves and currents exert a small shearing stress on the bed. When the waves pass over the fluid mud layer, it absorbs wave energy and, in turn, moves due to the wave action. The present study offers a numerical and experimental study of wave-mud interaction on a horizontal bed. A number of wave flume laboratory tests are presented to investigate wave attenuation, particle velocities in fluid mud layer and mud mass transport under different wave characteristics. The laboratory results are also compared with a developed semi-analytical model.
Highlights
In muddy areas, the overlaying wave generates an intermediate wave in the soft fluid mud layer, which oscillates the mud particles resulting to a steady Lagrangian current within fluid mud layer, called mud mass transport
The viscous model of Dalrymple and Liu (1978) predicts one local peak for the wave dissipation rate, in respect to the wave period, when the boundary layer thickness is of the same order as the mud layer
The wave-induced mud particle velocities and mass transport were studied through laboratory experiments and numerical modeling
Summary
The overlaying wave generates an intermediate wave in the soft fluid mud layer, which oscillates the mud particles resulting to a steady Lagrangian current within fluid mud layer, called mud mass transport. This current is small in magnitude, it has a major contribution to the total sediment transport because of the high density of fluid mud layer. Dalrymple and Liu (1978) developed a twolayered fluid model to examine the attenuation of waves over a muddy bed, which was characterized as a laminar viscous fluid They proposed an analytical model for definite mud depths and an analytical boundary layer approximation for the case of a thin mud layer. For the longer duration times, on the other hand, the circulation of the mud may occur
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