A STUDY ON TRANSFUSION OF FRESH-FROZEN PLASMA AND PACKED RBC IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE TRAUMA

Abstract

Introduction: Traumatic injury is brought about by different forces from outside of the body, which can either be obtuse or infiltrating. Severe traumatic injury is the 6th driving reason for death around the world. Patients over 65 years old are an undeniably impacted bunch. Massive haemorrhage is among the most difficult issues in critical care, influencing severe trauma patients, surgical patients, obstetric patients, and gastrointestinal patients. After a much debate, the current guidelines recommend that the combination of Fresh-Frozen Plasma (FFP) and Packed Red Blood Cells (pRBC) should be infused. But still, there is a confusion and debates around the world regarding the ratio of FFP and pRBC usage.
 Aims and Objectives: The study intends to find out the efficacy of FFP and pRBC combination infusion in the ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 in critical patients of trauma.
 Materials and Methods: The study is retrospective design which was conducted during the period of 6 months. The patients ranged between 16 years and 82 years old. The study considered 110 patients. Upon arrival, the patients were assessed primarily by Glasglow Coma Scale and its change after the infusion. Other factors that are considered for assessment were time required for homeostasis, 24-hours mortality rate, 30-days mortality rate and hospital stay duration. This combination was either given in 1:1 ratio or in 1:2 ratio. The patients who received the combination of FFP and pRBC in 1:1 ratio was classified as Group 1 while the patients who received the combination in 1:2 ratio was classified as Group 2.
 Results: The study found that the change is much significant in Group 1 as compared to Group 2 as the mean value of change in GCS score in Group 1 is much higher than the mean value of change in GCS score in Group 2 patients. It was also found that the Group 2 patients required more hours for reaching homeostasis as compared to the patients of Group 1.
 Conclusion: The study concludes that FFP and pRBC in the ratio of 1:1 was found to have better outcomes as compared to Group 2 patients and should be considered to be current guideline to be used as first line infusion management in trauma patients.
 Keywords: ffp, packed red blood cells, trauma, infusion.