Abstract
The shear velocity and friction coefficient for representing the resistance of flow are key factors to determine the flow characteristics of the open-channel flow. Various studies have been conducted in the open-channel flow, but many controversies remain over the form of equation and estimation methods. This is because the equations developed based on theory have not fully interpreted the friction characteristics in an open-channel flow. In this paper, a friction coefficient equation is proposed by using the entropy concept. The proposed equation is determined under the rectangular, the trapezoid, the parabolic round-bottomed triangle, and the parabolic-bottomed triangle open-channel flow conditions. To evaluate the proposed equation, the estimated results are compared with measured data in both the smooth and rough flow conditions. The evaluation results showed that R (correlation coefficient) is found to be above 0.96 in most cases, and the discrepancy ratio analysis results are very close to zero. The advantage of the developed equation is that the energy slope terms are not included, because the determination of the exact value is the most difficult in the open-channel flow. The developed equation uses only the mean velocity and entropy M to estimate the friction loss coefficient, which can be used for maximizing the design efficiency.
Highlights
Head loss, hf, is a very important physical parameter for both the experimental and the theoretical analyses of fluid phenomena
This article proposes a theory using the twodimensional velocity formula and the probabilistic entropy to get the equation of the friction coefficient calculations
V2 where f is the friction coefficient, V is the mean velocity, g is the acceleration of gravity, Rh is the hydraulic radius, S = h f /L is an energy slope, h f is the friction head losses, and L is the length of a given section
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
Published Version (Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have