Abstract
Various environmental, architectural, and individual factors other than quantity and quality of light, affect pupils' visual comfort in the classrooms. The simultaneous effect of these factors on visual perception is more substantial than the individual impact of each. In this study, an Structural Equation Model (SEM) technique systematically explains students' visual comfort evaluation. It quantifies the effects and values of various factors that directly and indirectly affect classroom visual comfort.The survey is designed to evaluate all the variables of the conceptual model. 192 students in a high school in Tehran participated in this survey. Field measurement and simulation were conducted to gather physical parameters data. As a result, the proposed partial least square-structural equation model (PLS-SEM) model showed statistical significance and a high model fitness level (GoF = 0.547). It is confirmed that overall visual comfort is significantly affected by twelve studied variables such as glare sensation and perceived lighting level. Among these, the lighting level has the highest importance, while view satisfaction has the lowest in this visual comfort model. In south classrooms, electricity load (6.5%) and satisfaction level (6.0%) are higher than in the north in June. The findings of this study help to provide valuable insights for improving visual comfort in classrooms.
Published Version
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