Abstract
The degree of integration of IT devices and consumption of cooling energy are consistently increasing owing to developments in the data center industry. Hence, to ensure the smooth operation and fault prevention of IT devices, the energy consumption of cooling systems has increased, leading to active research on improvements in cooling system performance for reducing energy consumption. This study examines the reduction in cooling energy consumption using a simulation by applying chilled water control and a water-side economizer (WSE) system to enhance the cooling system efficiency. The simulation results showed that the energy consumption was reduced by 1.8% when the chilled water temperature was set to 11 °C in a conventional system and by up to 19.6% when WSE was also applied. Furthermore, when the changes in chilled water temperature were applied for efficient operation of WSE, the energy consumption was reduced by up to 30.1% compared to that in conventional energy systems.
Highlights
Data centers have been constructed to efficiently supply and process data, which are exponentially growing owing to the expansion of internet availability and advancements in the IT industry; energy consumption is consistently growing with the rapid increase in the demand for such facilities
The simulation results showed that the energy consumption of a conventional model based on a central cooling system was 97,404 MWh, where the energy consumption was
The simulation results showed that the energy consumption of a conventional model based on a central cooling system was 97,404 MWh, where the energy consumption was reduced by 1.8%, 19.6%, and 30.1% from the increased chilled water set temperature, application of water-side economizer (WSE), and variation in ∆T, respectively
Summary
Data centers have been constructed to efficiently supply and process data, which are exponentially growing owing to the expansion of internet availability and advancements in the IT industry; energy consumption is consistently growing with the rapid increase in the demand for such facilities. The energy consumption of data centers in the United States has increased by 4% annually from 2014 to 2020, where approximately 73 billion kWh of energy was consumed in 2020 [1]. The size of data centers has grown at hyperscale in order to process the enormous amounts of data, and this growth is expected to further increase the energy consumption of these facilities. Because chillers account for 50% of the energy consumed by cooling systems [3], various studies have been conducted to reduce the energy of a chiller in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems
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