A study on the electric power load of Beijing and its relationships with meteorological factors during summer and winter

Abstract

Using the daily electric power load and meteorological data over the period from January 2006 to September 2010 in Beijing, the general features of the electric power load and the main factors affecting this load have been analysed. The results indicate that winter and summer are the two peak power consumption seasons in each year. This finding could be mainly attributed to the consumption of energy for urban residential cooling or heating. In the summer, the daily minimum temperature was most closely correlated with the maximum power load (correlation co-efficient of 0.65, significant at the 0.1% level); the primary effect of temperature on the maximum power load varied largely from 376 to 858 MW °C −1, and it increased sharply when the daily minimum temperature was higher than 24 °C or the daily maximum temperature was higher than 32 °C. In the winter, the daily maximum temperature was most closely correlated with the power load (−0.45, 0.1% significance), and the primary effect varied from 109 to 391 MW °C −1. However, the relationship between the power load and the temperature was more complicated in the winter: this relationship varied during the central heating period and its pre- and post-periods. Moreover, the temperature humidity index (THI) could explain more of the variance in the daily maximum power load than any single temperature factor in the summer, while the wind-chill temperature index (WCT) did not contribute to this variance in the winter. Finally, due to the rapid urbanization of Beijing, the power load and the priamry effect increased each year. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society