Abstract
A B S T R A C T The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of cultural intelligence (CQ) and emotional intelligence (EI) on a tour leader's adjustment in a different cultural environment. Data were collected from 330 outgoing tour leaders in Tehran, Iran. The construct validity was confirmed by using confirmatory factor analysis. The data were analyzed using correlation analysis and path analysis to test the effect of CQ on cross- cultural adjustment, and the moderating effect of EI on the relationship between CQ and cross-cultural adjustment. The results showed that CQ had a positive effect on cross- cultural adjustment. In addition, we found that CQ had a positive effect on EI. The findings of the research showed that emotional intelligence in not significantly the mediator variable. Emotional intelligence has a positive and significant effect on cross-cultural adjustment. The findings of this study contribute to the body of knowledge in the field of CQ and cross- cultural research, and it provides practical implications for individuals seeking to improve their cross-cultural effectiveness, enhancing their cultural intelligence and emotional intelligence, specifically in tourism industry.
Highlights
Tourism is one of the world’s biggest service industries, one of the most significant traits of which is face-to-face communication
As Table indicates, since correlation coefficient determines the intensity of significance between two variables, it can be said that the relation between emotional intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment with 0.62 correlation is in a higher level than the relation between cultural intelligence and emotional intelligence and it is almost in the same level with the relation between cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment
The results of this research project show that cultural intelligence had a positive and significant influence on tour leaders’ cross-cultural adjustment at the 99% significance level (0.76 path coefficient)
Summary
Tourism is one of the world’s biggest service industries, one of the most significant traits of which is face-to-face communication. Those working in various parts of this industry such as hotels, travel agencies, restaurants, theme parks, etc., are in direct communication with customers from various parts of the world facing different cultures. What makes the industry more complicated is the cultural context in which the interactions between service providers and customers occur. Those involved in the tourism industry face various cultures on a daily basis and should match themselves to various circumstances. Knowing about cultural differences plays an importance role for tour leaders who are in constant contact with foreign tourists
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