Abstract
The millimeter-waves band will enable multi-gigabit data transmission due to the large available bandwidth and it is a promising solution for the spectrum scarcity below 6 GHz in future generations of mobile networks. In particular, the 60 GHz band will play a crucial role in providing high-capacity data links for indoor applications. In this context, this tutorial presents a comprehensive review of indoor propagation models operating in the 60 GHz band, considering the main scenarios of interest. Propagation mechanisms such as reflection, diffraction, scattering, blockage, and material penetration, as well as large-scale path loss, are discussed in order to obtain a channel model for 60 GHz signals in indoor environments. Finally, comparisons were made using data obtained from a measurement campaign available in the literature in order to emphasize the importance of developing accurate channel models for future wireless communication systems operating in millimeter-waves bands.
Highlights
The fifth-generation of mobile networks (5G) is considered a revolution in mobile communications since it introduces substantial improvements in terms of capacity, throughput, flexibility, energy efficiency, and end-to-end latency (IMT, 2015)
The attenuation introduced by clutter decreases when the frequency varies from 2.5 to 60 GHz, since the first Fresnel zone at 60 GHz is considerably smaller, and, fewer objects are capable of perturbing the signal
The comparison between the models and the measurement campaign is based on the mean-squared error (MSE), a widely used metric that depends on the average squared difference between the estimated values and the actual value, evaluated as (Yates and Goodman, 2014): FIGURE 8 | Path loss versus Tx-Rx distance comparison among three different channel models in LOS indoor hotspot (InH) shopping mall scenario
Summary
Letícia Carneiro de Souza *, Celso Henrique de Souza Lopes, Rita de Cassia Carlleti dos Santos, Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Junior and Luciano Leonel Mendes. The 60 GHz band will play a crucial role in providing high-capacity data links for indoor applications In this context, this tutorial presents a comprehensive review of indoor propagation models operating in the 60 GHz band, considering the main scenarios of interest. This tutorial presents a comprehensive review of indoor propagation models operating in the 60 GHz band, considering the main scenarios of interest Propagation mechanisms such as reflection, diffraction, scattering, blockage, and material penetration, as well as largescale path loss, are discussed in order to obtain a channel model for 60 GHz signals in indoor environments. Comparisons were made using data obtained from a measurement campaign available in the literature in order to emphasize the importance of developing accurate channel models for future wireless communication systems operating in millimeter-waves bands
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