Abstract
In this research, the thermal decompositions of β-manganese dioxide (β-MnO 2) under different atmospheres of dynamic nitrogen and air were investigated by TG, DTG, DSC and XRD techniques. Non-isothermal studies clearly indicate that two decomposition stages occur over the temperature regions of 30–1100 °C: the decomposition of β-MnO 2 to Mn 2O 3 and of this oxide to Mn 3O 4 in both nitrogen and air. β-MnO 2 decomposes at higher temperatures in air. The model-free kinetic analysis method together with the minimum deviation approach was employed to determine the activation energy ( E a) and the kinetic model function (mechanism) of the thermal decomposition process from a series of thermogravimetric experiments. The results show that β-MnO 2 exhibits higher values of the activation energy ( E a) and the pre-exponential factor ( A) in air. Compared with various solid state reaction models, the reactions are best described by the random nucleation and nuclei growth models.
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