Abstract
One of the most visible trends in today’s commercial communication market is the adoption of wireless technology. Wireless networks are expected to carry traffic that will be a mix of real time traffic such as voice, multimedia conferences, games and data traffic such as web browsing, messaging and file transfer. All of these applications require widely varying and very diverse Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees. In an effort to improve the performance of wireless networks, there has been increased interest in protocols that rely on interactions between different layers. Cross-Layer Design has become the new issue in wireless communication systems as it seeks to enhance the capacity of wireless networks significantly through the joint optimization of multiple layers in the network. Wireless multi-hop ad-hoc networks have generated a lot of interest in the recent past due to their many potential applications. Multi-hopping implies the existence of many geographically distributed devices that share the wireless medium which creates the need for efficient MAC and routing protocols to mitigate interference and take full advantage of spatial reuse. Cross-Layer Design is an emerging proposal to support flexible layer approaches in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). In this paper, we present few Cross-Layer MAC design proposals by analyzing the ongoing research activities in this area for optimizing the performance of routing protocols in MANETs.
Highlights
An ad-hoc network is a local area network (LAN) that is built spontaneously as devices connect
We focus on cross layer design proposals based on the coupling between network layer and medium access control (MAC) layer for optimizing the performance of routing protocols in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs)
Depending on the direction of information flow along the new interfaces, we classify the different proposals in the literature under consideration into the following categories: 1. The cross-layer proposals in which some information from the MAC layer is passed onto network layer for optimized routing in MANETs
Summary
An ad-hoc network is a local area network (LAN) that is built spontaneously as devices connect. Protocols can be designed by violating the reference architecture, for example, by allowing direct communication between protocols at nonadjacent layers or sharing variables between layers. It is argued that while designing efficient routing protocols for multi-hop wireless ad-hoc networks to meet the QoS requirements, we need to consider the influence of MAC protocol in finding the optimal routes. A central challenge in the design of ad-hoc networks is the development of efficient MAC and dynamic routing protocols that can efficiently find routes between the communicating nodes. We focus on cross layer design proposals based on the coupling between network layer and MAC layer for optimizing the performance of routing protocols in MANETs. Widely used routing protocols for Ad-hoc networks are the two major categories: A. This algorithm is used to space out repeated retransmissions of the same block of data, often as part of network congestion avoidance
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