Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing public health concern in Bangladesh, driven by urbanization, lifestyle changes, and dietary habits. Poor glycemic control contributes to complications and imposes a financial burden on the healthcare system. Understanding the clinical factors influencing glycemic control is essential for developing targeted interventions. Objective: To assess the clinical status of T2DM patients with a focus on glycemic control and its association with demographic and clinical variables. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, from March 2022 to February 2023. Eighty T2DM patients were recruited based on ADA diagnostic criteria. Glycemic control was classified using HbA1c levels (<7% for adequately controlled, ≥7% for inadequately controlled). Data collection included anthropometric measurements, saliva and blood sampling, and laboratory analyses for HbA1c and salivary A2MG. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 26.0, with significance set at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 44.1 ± 9.97 years, with no significant age-related difference in glycemic control (p=0.513). Gender (p=0.194), residence (p=0.900), and family history of diabetes (p=0.637) showed no significant association with glycemic control. However, BMI was significantly higher in the inadequately controlled group (27.6 ± 3.44 kg/m²) compared to the adequately controlled group (25.2 ± 2.76 kg/m²) (p=0.002), highlighting the influence of obesity on glycemic outcomes. Conclusion: Glycemic control in T2DM patients in Bangladesh is influenced more by clinical factors like BMI than demographic variables. Targeted interventions focusing on weight management and lifestyle modifications are critical for improving glycemic outcomes and reducing diabetes-related complications.
Published Version
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