Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and heart failure. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is an important factor in the development and progression of hypertension. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a simple, sensitive and non-invasive tool to monitor the cardiovascular ANS function. Thus, the present study was chosen as a simple tool to assess the sympathovagal balance by analysing the HRV changes in hypertensive individuals. Aims and Objectives: To analyse Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in hypertensive individuals. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 30 normotensive and 30 hypertensive subjects (BP≥140/90 mm Hg, according to JNC-7 classification). Lead-II ECG was recorded using the instrument PHYSIOPAC-PP4, MEDICAID system, Chandigarh and HRV analysis was done using Kubios HRV analyser. Spectral indices of HRV such as total power (TP), normalized low frequency power (LFnu), normalized high frequency power (HFnu), ratio of low frequency power to high frequency power (LF-HF ratio), standard deviation of normal-to-normal RR intervals (SDNN), root mean square successive difference (rMSSD) and the proportion of NN50 to the total number of NN intervals (pNN50) were assessed. Results: Our results showed significantly reduced HFnu (p 0.05), SDNN (p 0.05), rMSSD (p 0.05) and pNN50 (p 0.05) in hypertensive individuals. LFnu and LF-HF ratio was significantly increased (p 0.05) in hypertensive individuals.
Highlights
Hypertension is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and heart failure
The time domain measures standard deviation of normal-to-normal RR intervals (SDNN), root mean square successive difference (rMSSD) and pNN50 were all significantly reduced (p
HFnu and time domain measures SDNN, rMSSD and pNN50 were significantly reduced in hypertensives, suggestive of decreased parasympathetic activity in hypertensives
Summary
Hypertension is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and heart failure. The present study was chosen as a simple tool to assess the sympathovagal balance by analysing the HRV changes in hypertensive individuals. Aims & Objectives: To analyse Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in hypertensive individuals. Hypertension is defined as a persistent elevated blood pressure of ≥140/90 mmHg1 It is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. There are many modifiable risk factors underlying hypertension such as increased body weight, reduced physical activity, high salt intake, alcohol consumption and low potassium intake. Hypertension is a major risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases like coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure and end-stage renal disease[3]. Primary prevention of hypertension may reduce the overall risk of cardiovascular diseases
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