A study of the effect of some musical compositions on glucagon-like peptide 1, insulin, leptin, and body weight of crowded adult albino rats

Abstract

Background and Aim Music therapy is an established health profession where music is used to address cognitive, emotional, social, and physical needs of individuals. Stress is a reaction of an organism to stimulus that changes psychophysiological equilibrium with harmful consequences, by affecting the concentration of hormones related to homeostasis. The current study aimed to assess the possible effect of enhancing the quality of environment to alleviate stressful environmental conditions. Materials and methods A total of 45 adult male albino rats were chosen for this study. They were divided into five groups as follows: group 1, uncrowded control rats; group 2, rats exposed to crowding; group 3, rats exposed to crowding and listening to instrumental music; group 4, rats exposed to crowding and listening to soft songs; and group 5, rats exposed to crowding and listening to rallying songs. After 90 days, all rat groups were anesthetized, and a blood sample was collected for measurement of glucagon-like peptide 1 level, insulin level, and leptin level for these groups. Results Music had no significant (P<0.05) effect on water and food consumption, but it had a significant (P<0.01) effect on body weight in music listening groups in comparison with the control crowded group. Music listening can significantly (P<0.01) increase the level of glucagon-like peptide 1 and leptin but significantly (P<0.01) decrease the level of insulin in comparison with the control uncrowded group. Conclusions Music may alleviate stressful situations and improve the quality of life.