Abstract
In the present study, energy dissipation was investigated in a specific type of stepped spillways. The purpose was to achieve the highest level of energy dissipation in downstream of the spillway. It was performed by providing a specific type of geometry for step as a great roughness. Here, steps were recognized as great roughness against flow. Their shape and number were designed in such a way that the maximum flow energy can be minimized in this stage, i.e. over steps before reaching to downstream. Accordingly, it can be stated that the highest energy dissipation rate will be obtained in the structure at downstream. Moreover, thereby, heavy costs imposed by designing and constructing stilling basin on project can be minimized. In this study, FLOW-3D was employed to analyse and obtain energy dissipation rate. The best geometry of the steps, through which the maximum energy dissipation can be achieved, was determined by reviewing related literature and inventing the proposed model in FLOW-3D. To evaluate the proposed method, analyses were performed using trial and error in mesh networks sizes as well as the mentioned methods and the results were compared to other studies. In other words, the most optimal state was obtained with Λ-shaped step at angel of 25 degree with respect to energy dissipation rate compare to smooth step.
Highlights
The volume and energy of water stored in reservoirs is very high
The geometry of the experimental models is constructed by creating numerical modeling conditions similar to the constructed hydraulic model
The present numerical model was simulated based on the experimental data; the numerical model was validated based on the experimental model
Summary
The volume and energy of water stored in reservoirs is very high When releasing, this energy can cause irreparable psychological harm and financial loss in downstream of the dams. This energy can cause irreparable psychological harm and financial loss in downstream of the dams In this regard, various flow energy dissipation methods are propounded. In the early 20th century, due to the long period of construction, the high cost of maintenance, and low energy dissipation rate in these structures, using them was decreased and engineers replaced them with other structures. New design has caused the increase of energy dissipation To this end, during the last thirty years, these structures have been used again; specially, in the last decade, they have changed into the main element in hydraulic designs
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