Abstract
In order to solve the flood discharge problem of both small- and medium-sized warping dams in the Loess Plateau, a stepped spillway scheme, based on an ecological bag, to achieve full-section water flow and energy dissipation has been proposed in this paper. The hydraulic and energy dissipation characteristics of a stepped spillway layout scheme were studied using 3D numerical simulation. As the height of the dams is low and the spillways are short, the research has shown that the traditional single-step layout scheme leads to a low overall energy dissipation rate due to the small amount of energy dissipated in the initial steps. As a result of this, this paper has put forward two kinds of step layout schemes such as the shunt type and the staggered type for the initial steps. Through analysis of the flow state, the pressure distribution, and the total energy dissipation rate, the results have shown that shunt type and staggered type with front step deformation produced an obvious mixing of the water flow, fewer negative pressure areas, and a higher energy dissipation rate. The optimal energy dissipation rate of the staggered type reached 87.75%, and the maximum energy dissipation rate was increased by 27.97%.
Highlights
Located in the north of central China, the Loess Plateau is one of the four major plateaus in China. e soil here is loose and soil erosion is serious, especially in northern Shaanxi
With the construction of an ecological bag, its anti-impact flow rate will be lower. erefore, this paper has studied the layout of a stepped spillway, constructed for small- and medium-sized warping dams on the Loess Plateau according to their characteristics from the numerical simulation
Three types of stepped spillway energy dissipation schemes have been proposed based on the concept of fullsection water flow and distributed energy dissipation. is was aimed at the characteristics of small flow, low dam height, and short overflow length of the warping dams on the Loess Plateau among which two schemes showed deformation of the shape of the initial steps. e numerical simulation software Ansys Fluent was used to simulate the stepped spillways of different types
Summary
Located in the north of central China, the Loess Plateau is one of the four major plateaus in China. e soil here is loose and soil erosion is serious, especially in northern Shaanxi. Erefore, according to the characteristics of a Mathematical Problems in Engineering warping dam on the Loess Plateau, full-section flow of the dam has been adopted, and an ecological bag has been used to construct the stepped spillway to protect the flexible slope. From the normal research on stepped spillways, it can be seen that the energy dissipation rate at the front step is low It had little influence on the high dam with long spillway but had great influence on the small- and medium-sized dam with short spillway length. In order to get better energy dissipation of small- and medium-sized dams with short spillway length, we deformed the front step. Erefore, this paper has studied the layout of a stepped spillway, constructed for small- and medium-sized warping dams on the Loess Plateau according to their characteristics from the numerical simulation With the construction of an ecological bag, its anti-impact flow rate will be lower. erefore, this paper has studied the layout of a stepped spillway, constructed for small- and medium-sized warping dams on the Loess Plateau according to their characteristics from the numerical simulation
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