Abstract
Incoherent scatter observations of the atmospheric density and temperature in the lower thermosphere are reported. A seasonal variation appears, both in the density at 100 km height and in the temperature profile between 100 and 120 km. The main implication of these variations is a seasonal change in neutral composition, with a maximum of the ( O)/( N 2) ratio in Winter. This phenomenon, together with F-region observations, strongly supports the explanation of the ionospheric Winter anomaly in terms of seasonal changes in neutral atmosphere composition.
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