A study of renal parameters and serum electrolytes level in newborns with birth asphyxia

Abstract

Perinatal hypoxia is one of the most common primary cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in India. WHO has defined perinatal asphyxia as a “failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth.” Asphyxiated newborns are more prone to hypoxic injury so in these cases any organ can be affected but the brain, myocardium, kidneys and bowels appear to be more sensitive.1 This study was conducted in asphyxiated newborns to interprets serum electrolytes levels and renal parameters levels in cases of birth asphyxia. |Materials and Methods: This study was done in 100 Newborn out of which 50 were cases & 50 were control from May, 2015 to May, 2016 were taken up for the study. The detailed perinatal history was obtained. Urine sample was collected by neonatal urobegs in cases and in control it was by spot sample. Blood sample were collected by routine venous sampling. Serum electrolytes levels and renal parameters were evaluated in cases and control. Results: In our study male babies had higher incidence of birth asphyxia as compared to female babies. In our study blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine level was higher among cases. Therefore there is a linear correlation with severity of asphyxia. Urine sodium and urine creatinine also increased among cases and therefore they had a higher incidence with severity of asphyxia. In our study we found serum sodium level was lower among cases than the controls. There was linear correlation between severity of asphyxia. The serum potassium was higher among cases than control and serum calcium had lower with severity of birth asphyxia. Conclusions: The study of Birth asphyxiated newborn shows that monitoring renal parameters and serum electrolytes helps in the early diagnosis and management of renal failure. Therefore they had a linear correlation with severity of birth asphyxia. Keywords: Perinatal hypoxia, HIE, APGAR score, Serum electrolytes levels, Renal parameters.