A study of refractive state in premature infants without retinopathy of prematurity and full-term children at the age of 0 to 6

Abstract

To investigate the development of the refractive status in premature infants full-term children aged 0 to 6 years old. Case control study. One thousand one hundred and sixtyfour premature infants and One thousand one hundred and ninety-one full-term children were collected from September 2011 to September 2012 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, among them, one thousand and eighty-eight premature infants premature infants (2 176 eyes) without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and one thousand one hundred and two cases of full-term children (2 204 eyes) were included in the study. Refraction with cycloplegic retinoscopy was determined. The corneal curvatures and axial lengths of premature infants aged 3 to 6 years old were measured by Optical coherence interferometry. (1) The incidence of myopia and astigmatism were 9.1% and 35.4% in premature infants aged 0 to 6 years old, and 4.4%, 18.9% in full-term children. (2) The spherical diopter, cylindrical lens diopter and spherical equivalent degree were (1.15 ± 0.87), (0.84 ± 0.71) and (1.47 ± 0.28) D, three types of refractive value reduced progressively along with increasing age. (3) Changes in spherical equivalent degree in preterm children are associated with axial length, corneal curvature, gestational age, birth weight and age (r = -0.232, 0.112, 0.117, 0.254, -0.215, P = 0.000, 0.009, 0.008, 0.000, 0.001). The incidence of myopia of premature infants without ROP was higher than that of full-term children; The emmetropization of premature infants begins earlier than full-term children.