Abstract
Objectives: In this Paper a generic approach of ISM band channel scanner design module is proposed to identify available free white spaces to utilize under secondary communication network. Method/Analysis: The feature of opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) is to identify free channel to deployment purpose, the channel is compared on the basis of RSSI level individually amongst total available channel were in normally 80% channel are mostly vacant due to dominating nature of channel. The output of the OSA based ISM band channel brings a free channel identification and noise free path to continue communication in between other ISP. Findings: The result indicates that the available channels are having bunch of availability of total 14 no of channels in general. In which channel no 1-6 and 11 are comes under high dominating index ratio. The channel always forcing every new SSID/service provider to accommodate in between these three channels only; due to this a normal channel Co-channel conjunction/Interference occurs in crowed area. This may lead to call/request lost data packets in bulk! As a result users always share more data beyond a normal, causing more power consumption/ battery in cell phone/laptop. So for channel identification OSA technique is implemented which is actually determines dynamic spectrum access by comparing received power in –dB on -90dB to -20dB range were on results comparison above -50dB range signal is mostly having week strength/the origin of base channel is on far distance to other nearby channels. Once the low signal channel or non operational channel is detected it effectively deployed for secondary user network communication. Novelty/Improvements: In this novel design, portable OSA channel estimator-indicator is actively scanned in real time in live data fields; in future it helps to bi-pass the used channel to remove interference. Keywords: Bending of Light, Caesium Atomic Clock, Perihelion of Mercury, Shapiro Delay, Space-time Fabric, Time Dilation, Theory of Relativity
Highlights
In the era of Galileo and Newton, it was observed that all the laws of mechanics are same for uniformly moving and stationary frames of reference
Measurement of the new locked frequency, which will be lower than the locked frequency of the stationary Caesium clock, will result in recording less time, which is considered validation of time dilation, whereas this is the effect of motion of the Caesium atomic clock due to its dependency on microwave radiations for measuring time
We have noted during the discussion in this article that one formula developed using the compression of the spacefabric due to the velocity of a rigid body, explains both the events of precession of perihelion of Mercury and bending of light by the Sun
Summary
In the era of Galileo and Newton, it was observed that all the laws of mechanics are same for uniformly moving and stationary frames of reference. Inside a smoothly sailing ship, a ball thrown upwards lands back in the hands of the thrower akin to a ball thrown upwards in a stationary frame of reference at shore This happens due to the inertia gained by the ball when moving along with the ship. In the year 1905, Special Theory of Relativity was proposed by Albert Einstein This theory was valid for slow moving objects having inertia, as well as for the motion of the light. The General Theory of Relativity articulates that the objects in gravitational field are comparable to objects having uniform acceleration This theory revealed a relation between gravity, space and time, causing introduction of the concepts of space-time fabric and gravitational time dilation. We shall be discussing how both the Theories of Relativity can be harmonized with absolute time and demonstrating the redundancy of time dilation due to uniformly moving objects, as well as gravity
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