Abstract
Objective: Coronary artery was ligated to study the characteristics of myocardial ischemia in rats. Methods: The left anterior descending artery was ligated to establish the rat model of acute myocardial ischemia. All animals were divided into normal control group, sham operation group and model group. 1, 2 and 4 weeks after modeling, ECG (II lead) was recorded, the weight of whole heart and left ventricle were recorded and organ indexes were calculated; myocardial infarct size was determined by TTC; CK, CK-MB, LDH, AST contents of serum were detected; cardiac function was determined by left ventricular intubation via carotid artery and left ventricular was taken to perform pathological observation. Results: 1 week after modeling, compared with the sham operation group, the ECG and heart function index of rats model had significant change, but the myocardial enzymes did not change significantly; 4 weeks after modeling, the ECG and cardiac function of animal models had a recovery trend, but the myocardial enzymes, including CK, CK-MB, LDH, AST, were significantly increased; 1 week after modeling, the left ventricular indexes of model rats were increased; the infarct size was about 30%, myocardial cell necrosis and granulation tissue hyperplasia could be observed in infarction area; with the modeling time extended, from 2 to 4 weeks, the left ventricular and heart indexes of model group were significantly increased; the infarct size was relatively constant, left ventricular became thickly, and fibrous or granulation tissue was significantly proliferated in infarction area under microscope. Conclusion: The indexes of myocardial ischemia induced by coronary artery ligation in rats are different at different time points. The results suggest that the time point should be selected to observe the anti-myocardial ischemia effect of the subjects from different aspects.
Highlights
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common acute and severe disease in clinic
Because of the low cardiac collateral circulation, the high success rate and good reproducibility of model, acute myocardial ischemia induced by ligation of coronary artery in rat has been recognized as a classic model of ischemic cardiomyopathy, which is consistent with the actual onset of myocardial infarction, and is commonly used in the study of myocardial ischemia pharmacodynamics [2]-[4]
One week after coronary artery ligation, the ST segment in ECG of model group rat was significantly higher than that in sham operation group (P < 0.01), indicating the ligation leaded to myocardial ischemia; at 2 weeks after modeling, the ST segment in ECG of model group rat was still significantly higher than that in sham operation group (P < 0.05), but the value of ST segment elevation was lower than that in rats 1 week after modeling; 4 weeks after modeling, the ST segment in ECG of model group rats was still higher than that in sham operation group, but no significant difference was found (P > 0.05)
Summary
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common acute and severe disease in clinic. The incidence of AMI is increasing year by year due to the aging of society, the acceleration of the rhythm of modern life, the change of eating habits and the influence of social and psychological factors. With the change of living habits and the increase of the amount of cholesterol intake, the incidence of AMI is increasing, reaching 45/100,000 to 55/100,000, and it has become one of the major diseases that threaten human health [1]. Because of the low cardiac collateral circulation, the high success rate and good reproducibility of model, acute myocardial ischemia induced by ligation of coronary artery in rat has been recognized as a classic model of ischemic cardiomyopathy, which is consistent with the actual onset of myocardial infarction, and is commonly used in the study of myocardial ischemia pharmacodynamics [2]-[4]. There are not many related literatures about the change law of the above parameters at different modeling time [5] [6]. For better control of treatment course and more accurate evaluation of the efficacy of drugs, it is important to understand which indicators are more sensitive at different modeling time
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