A study of intracoronary thrombolytic agents in high thrombotic burden lesions during primary PCI

Abstract

Abstract Objectives High thrombus burden during Primary PCI begets worst possible outcomes, studies on adjunctive intracoronary thrombolytic agents show heterogeneous1,2 results & have limited long term follow-up. Although early studies support mechanical thrombectomy devices, larger randomized trial show that they are not able to reduce the MACE3, 4. There is no randomised clinical data for sustained mechanical thrombectomy devices till now. Purpose of the study The main purpose of this study is to analyse long term outcomes of low bleeding risk group patients undergoing Primary PCI with high thrombus burden, receiving intracoronary thrombolytic agents as an adjunctive therapy. Methods In this prospective observational single centre study, we analysed one year follow-up data of 108 consecutive primary PCI patients with high thrombus burden (G4, G5) and low bleeding risk, who were stratified into two groups basing on whether they receive intracoronary thrombolytic agent as an adjunctive agent before stent implantation. The primary outcome was NACE (Net Adverse Clinical Events, which include MACE, Death, ST/MI, major bleeding events), secondary outcomes include the individual components of the primary outcomes when analysed separately. Results The primary outcome events occurred in 21 patients (26%) in Primary stent group(PS, n=80), whereas it occurred in 2 patients(6%) in primary intra coronary thrombolysis group(PIT, n=28). Log-Rank (Mantel Cox) NACE curves show that PS group has high events when compared to PIT group(26% Vs 7%, p value – 0.042, Hazard ratio - 2.56; 95% CI - 0.76 – 8.57), there is no statistically significant difference in all other key secondary outcome event curves. Conclusion In patients presenting with STEMI, undergoing primary PCI, with high thrombus burden & low bleeding risk group, those receiving intracoronary thrombolytic agent as the adjunctive therapy before stent implantation, are able to reduce the NACE event rates during the one year of follow-up.Fig1:Log Rank (Mantel Cox) NACE curve