Abstract
Greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) and their effects have been a matter of global concern over the past decade. As the demand for energy grows in developing economies, there has been a challenge in harnessing and utilising sustainable forms of energy to meet these demands, and despite the effect of global warming and the problems associated with it, the use of fossil fuels is still increasing. This problem has negatively impacted the climate because greenhouse gases evolved from burning fossil fuel increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and lead to global warming. This study investigates a method of channelling biogas for use as a sustainable energy source by using membrane technology. Initially, by observing the behaviour of biogas components as they travel selectively through the membrane support, the findings showed that both fluid and structural properties have significant impacts on the separation process. The next approach is to modify the membrane to obtain these optimal conditions. Furthermore, by introducing an agent that serves as an adsorptive medium for maximising contact between the pore walls and the gas molecules, this creates an adsorptive layer that preferentially draws the target gas to its surface to deliver both high permeability and selectivity of the membrane.
Highlights
A membrane may be defined as a permeable or semi-permeable layer which controls the flow of compounds and delivers one product with less of another component, resulting in the product concentration in those components [1]
Alumina membranes were used in this study and supplied by Ceramiques Techniques et Industrielles (CTI SA) in France, with mean pore sizes ranging from 15 to 6000 nm
The membranes were made to specification by CTI France and had mean pore sizes of
Summary
A membrane may be defined as a permeable or semi-permeable layer which controls the flow of compounds and delivers one product with less of another component, resulting in the product concentration in those components [1] This process is used in industry for the recovery of reactants and valuable gases, the isolation of products, and pollution control [2]. Selectivity refers to the ability of the membrane to separate gases and gives a measure of the purity of the permeate gas and losses. It is evaluated by the concentration of components passing through the membrane versus the concentration in the feed [4]. It is calculated by the ratio of their permeation rates
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