A study of drowsiness related factors of patients with excessive daytime drowsiness due to different causes

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Objective To explore drowsiness correlation factors of patients with excessive daytime drowsiness(EDD) due to different causes,and to provide helps for clinical diagnosis and treatment as well as behavior guidance. Methods Cases were divided into idiopathic hypersomnia(group A,n =21), obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(group B,n =13) and narcolepsy group(group C,n =15) according to their diagnoses.Sleep quality and drowsiness degree were assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS) and laboratory examinations conducted using multiple sleep latency test(MSLT). Results The PSQI total, sleep quality and somnipathy scores were all higher in group B(7.85±1.72 1.77±1.01 2.38±0.65) than in both group A and group C,and differences very significant by analyses of variance( F =18.37 11.21 25.67,P ＜0.01),but those significantly higher in group C than in group A( P ＜0.05 or 0.01).The ESS score was significantly higher in group B(14.31±3.98) than in group A and group C, differences were significant( F =5.67,P ＜0.01);the ESS total scores of both group A and group C were >6 and that of group B >11 ,there were very significant differences among all factors according to the MSLT(all P ＜0.01).Two-two comparisons showed that narcolepsy frequencies were higher in the group C than in group A and B ( P ＜0.05 or 0.01) and in group B than in group A( P ＜0.01); sleep latency was shorter in the group C than in group A and group B( P ＜0.05 or 0.01) and in the B than in group A ( P ＜0.01); REM frequencies were more( P ＜0.05 or 0.01) and REM sleep latencies significantly shorter( P ＜0.01) in group C than in group A and group B.Conclusion EDS patients with different causes have characteristic sleep quality, drowsiness and MLST,and comprehensive evaluations of PSQI,ESS and MSLT on patients make for clinical diagnose,treatment and behavior guidance. Key words: Excessive drowsiness ; Sleep quality ; Drowsiness degree ; Multiple sleep test ;