Abstract
Background: Plasma fibrinogen is an indicator of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction has been described as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity in type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients. Poor glycemic control has been reported to be associated with hyperfibrinogenemia and its complications. This study was aimed to find a correlation of mean fibrinogen level with glycemic control in complicated and uncomplicated cases of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus.
 Materials and methods: One hundred eight known cases of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus aged ≥ 30 were included in our study of which 39 cases were uncomplicated and 69 cases were complicated Diabetes mellitus. Hundred of non-diabetic age and sex-matched controls were analyzed. Blood samples were collected in Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and citrate bulb for estimation of HbA1c and plasma fibrinogen level respectively.
 Results: Mean fibrinogen level in complicated Type 2 Diabetes mellitus was high 450.43 ±108.51 mg/dl as compared to uncomplicated cases 372.30±123.78 mg/dl (p=0.0001). Mean HbA1c in total Diabetes mellitus cases was 8.02±1.88 mg/dl with a range of 5.50-14.50 mg/dl. A positive correlation was found between HbA1c and mean fibrinogen level (r=0.782, p= 0.001) in type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Duration of diabetes in years showed a significant correlation with mean fibrinogen levels (r=0.295, p=0.002).
 Conclusions: Plasma fibrinogen level was significantly associated with glycemic control (HbA1c) and duration of Diabetes mellitus in years. Thus, lowering plasma fibrinogen levels could be an important approach to the prevention of cardiovascular complications in diabetics.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and disturbances in carbohydrates, fats, and protein metabolism.[1]
Analysis of clinical data and biochemical parameters using the t-test showed a significant correlation between variables such as age, duration of diabetes with HbA1c, and fibrinogen levels in patients with type 2 DM with and without complications
Plasma fibrinogen levels are elevated in type 2 DM and this elevation was associated with poor glycemic control as evidenced by increased HbA1c levels
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and disturbances in carbohydrates, fats, and protein metabolism.[1] Type 2 DM which is characterized by peripheral insulin resistance accounts for more than 90% of the global diabetic population.[1] The global prevalence of DM in 2019 is estimated to be 9.3%, increasing to 10.2% by 2030.2. Increased plasma levels of fibrinogen have been reported in patients of Type 2 DM.[4]. Plasma fibrinogen is an indicator of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction has been described as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity in type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients. This study was aimed to find a correlation of mean fibrinogen level with glycemic control in complicated and uncomplicated cases of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus
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