English

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder all over the world3.The incidence of diabetes is showing an alarming rise in developing countries, particularly in India. Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent form in India and constitutes more than 95% of the cases.9 During the past decade, the potential role of haemostatic factors particularly fibrinogen in various disorders and their complication has gained considerable interest. Plasma fibrinogen is a important marker in type 2 Diabetes, but its correlation with smoking, age, sex, hypertension, obesity, family history lipids, has not been evaluated in large studies. In view of paucity of data from Indian studies, we attempt to correlate plasma fibrinogen with blood pressure, BMI, lipid profile and glycemic status in type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A total of 100, known and newly detected type-2 diabetic patients with and without associated hypertension of more than 40 years of age belonging to both sexes were included. All these patients were registered cases in Basaveshwar Teaching & General Hospital, Gulbarga as outpatients and in-patients. Type-2 diabetic patients associated with myocardial infarction, stroke, chronic inflammatory diseases, tuberculosis, malignancy, secondary hypertension and pregnancy were excluded from this study. After a detailed clinical examination, the following investigations were done: For diabetes mellitus: Random blood sugar, fasting blood sugar, post-prandial blood sugar and glycosylated haemoglobin (ERBA Kit). Renal profile: Blood urea and serum creatinine. Serum lipids: Cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) by commercially available kits (ERBA Kit). Routine urine examination: Sugar and albumin. Estimation of plasma fibrinogen: The plasma fibrinogen was estimated by thrombin-clotting method by using FIBROQUANT KIT [Tulip Diagnostics (P) Ltd.]. OBJECTIVES: To know the fibrinogen levels in patients of type-2 diabetes mellitus. To correlate plasma fibrinogen levels in patients of type-2 diabetes mellitus with blood pressure, body mass index, lipid profile and glycemic status. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Fibrinogen, the immediate precursor of fibrin was frequently elevated in type-2 diabetic patients and this elevation was associated with poor glycemic control as evidenced by increased glycosylated haemoglobin levels. But not all type-2 diabetic patients had higher levels of plasma fibrinogen. The patients who had normal range of plasma fibrinogen levels had normal glycosylated haemoglobin. The other parameters which correlated with plasma fibrinogen levels were age, smoking, family history, and body mass index. But alcohol consumption was inversely correlated to plasma fibrinogen level. The females had higher fibrinogen levels compared to males and also those who had hypertension showed higher plasma fibrinogen levels than normotensives, but this difference was not significant. Though various studies asserted that serum lipids and duration of diabetes has no correlation with plasma fibrinogen level, the present study showed positive correlation between serum cholesterol level, LDL level and triglyceride level with plasma fibrinogen levels. There was inverse relation with HDL level and duration of diabetes. In view of the fact that the present study comprised of a small DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2014/3963 ORIGINAL ARTICLE J of Evolution of Med and Dent Sci/ eISSN2278-4802, pISSN2278-4748/ Vol. 3/ Issue 68/Dec 08, 2014 Page 14616 group of patients, further studies with more number of patients may be required to evaluate our observations.